三段式作文法

重点诠释：

所谓三段式就是将一篇书面表达按三段的写作模式谋篇布局。就整体篇章结构而言，如何把握较大的写作空间，三段式的写作模式为最佳选择。三段式的模式写法通常为：

1．第一段开门见山，提出要解决的问题或观点，或者把时间，地点，人物和主要事件及时点出。

2．第二段要摆出事实或提出论据，或者把事情发展的经过详细写出来。

3．最后一段，得出结论或理由。

注意：要学会使用过渡词。过渡词犹如“桥梁”和“粘合剂 ”。恰当地使用过渡词可避免结构松散，层次分明，表意不清等弊端，使文章条理清楚，文字连贯流畅。常用的过渡词有：

递进型： also, (and)besides, what’s more, moreover, furthermore, in addition, even, what’s worse, worse still, to make matters worse, for the worse, not only…but also等；

解释型：that is (to say), in other words, or, namely, if fact, in reality, as a matter of fact等；

转折型：however, but, yet, nevertheless, instead, on the contrary,on the other hand 等；

列举型：firstly…secondly…finally, on the one hand, on the other hand, for one thing, for another 等

举例型：for example, for instance, such as, that is, like, take… for example等；

因果型：because (of), since, now that, thanks to, due to; thus, therefore, as a result (consequence),so… that, so that等；

让步型：though, although, in spite of, despite 等；

顺序型：first…next…and then…finally, first…then…after that…finally 等；

并列型：and, both…and, or, either…or, as well as, 等

时间型：afterwards, soon, later, the moment/ immediately/ on doing, hardly…when, no sooner…than 等

总结型：in a word, to sum up, in short, on the whole, in conclusion 等

见解型：in my opinion, personally speaking, as far as I am concerned,I’m sure 等

条件型：if, as long as, so long as, on condition that , unless 等

写作典例：

假设你是李越，你的加拿大笔友Steve来信说，他和他的一些同学正在学中文，请你推荐两本学中文的词典。根据下表提供的信息，请你给他写一封回信。

注意：

1. 词数：100左右；

2．参考词汇：推荐recommend; 英汉词典The English-Chinese Dictionary (ECE);
新华字典 Xinhua Dictionary (XD)

Dear Steve,

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

Yours

Li Yue

分析：此篇书面表达属于实物说明文，其篇章结构可按三段式进行写作。本文的第一段，可用直接的叙述“I’m so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese”.正文即可作为第二段，其主要内容是对两本词典的一些介绍。结束语即可作为第三段。应将两本词典的特点表达准确，以便加拿大笔友Steve作出合理选择。表达时，文章的基本时态可考虑用一般现在时。

范文：

Dear Steve,

I’m so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese.

I’d like to recommend the following two dictionaries.The English-Chinese Dictionary is really a good one for beginners. It has 18,000 English words and 20,000 Chinese words, besides plenty of examples, it has many notes telling you how to use a word. Xinhua Dictionary is the most popular Chinese dictionary, and it has a vocabulary fo 10,000 words. It may also be useful to some advanced learners of Chinese. Of the two, ECD is more expensive. It costs 52 yuan,and XD costs 11 yuan.
Please let me know if you want me to buy one for you.

Yours,

Li Yue